E23 Buggy
The E23’s Nervous System: Designing Behaviour Before Copper
Wiring isn’t just connecting components. The E23 electrical system defines behaviour - controlling when power flows and what the vehicle refuses to do.
E-Division
From constraints to architecture: modular high‑voltage batteries
Designing the E23 battery system: how real-world constraints led to a modular, high-voltage architecture with scalable energy and consistent performance.
Design Process
Just add batteries?
For the E23, battery design is driven less by stored energy than by current limits, thermal behaviour, and mass. These constraints shape performance long before capacity becomes the limiting factor.
E23 Buggy
The Voltage Decision
With performance targets defined, the next step was unavoidable: choosing a battery system, a motor, and an inverter. On paper, that sounds straightforward. In reality, it took months and quietly shaped almost every decision that followed. Power Is Simple. Systems Are Not. Power is easy to write down: P = V